Composite material forming technology yog lub hauv paus thiab cov xwm txheej ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm kev lag luam khoom sib xyaw. Nrog rau kev nthuav dav ntawm daim ntawv thov ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sib xyaw, kev lag luam sib xyaw tau txhim kho sai, qee qhov txheej txheem molding tau txhim kho, cov txheej txheem molding tshiab tseem tshwm sim, tam sim no muaj ntau tshaj 20 polymer matrix composite molding txoj kev, thiab siv tau zoo hauv kev tsim khoom, xws li:
(1) Tes muab tshuaj txhuam txheej txheem - ntub txheej txheej txheej txheej;
(2) Cov txheej txheem dav hlau tsim;
(3) Resin hloov molding tshuab (RTM tshuab);
(4) Lub hnab ntim txoj kev (lub hnab ntim txoj kev) molding;
(5) Nqus hnab nias molding;
(6) Autoclave txoj kev siv tshuab;
(7) Hydraulic kettle txoj kev siv tshuab;
(8) Thermal expansion molding tshuab;
(9) Sandwich qauv tsim tshuab;
(10) Moulding cov txheej txheem ntau lawm;
(11) ZMC molding khoom siv tshuab;
(12) txheej txheem molding;
(13) Laminate ntau lawm tshuab;
(14) Rolling tube txoj kev siv tshuab;
(15) Fiber winding khoom tsim tshuab;
(16) Nruam phaj ntau lawm txheej txheem;
(17) Casting tshuab;
(18) Pultrusion molding txheej txheem;
(19) Nruam winding yeeb nkab ua txheej txheem;
(20) Kev tsim technology ntawm cov khoom siv sib xyaw braided;
(21) Kev tsim cov thev naus laus zis ntawm cov ntawv thermoplastic pwm thiab txias stamping molding txheej txheem;
(22) Txhaj tshuaj molding txheej txheem;
(23) Extrusion molding txheej txheem;
(24) Centrifugal casting raj txheej txheem;
(25) Lwm yam kev siv tshuab.
Nyob ntawm cov khoom siv resin matrix xaiv, cov txheej txheem saum toj no tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov thermosetting thiab thermoplastic composites feem, thiab qee cov txheej txheem tsim nyog rau ob qho tib si.
Cov khoom sib xyaw ua cov txheej txheem cov yam ntxwv: piv nrog rau lwm cov ntaub ntawv ua tshuab, cov khoom sib xyaw ua cov txheej txheem muaj cov yam ntxwv hauv qab no:
(1) Cov khoom tsim thiab cov khoom molding tib lub sij hawm ua kom tiav cov xwm txheej dav dav, cov txheej txheem tsim cov khoom sib xyaw, uas yog, txheej txheem molding ntawm cov khoom. Kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov ntaub ntawv yuav tsum tau tsim raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev siv cov khoom, yog li nyob rau hauv kev xaiv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, tsim piv, txiav txim siab lub fiber layering thiab molding txoj kev, yuav tsum tau raws li lub cev thiab tshuaj cov khoom ntawm cov khoom, cov qauv zoo thiab cov tsos zoo. kev xav tau.
(2) cov khoom molding yog qhov yooj yim ntawm cov thermosetting composite resin matrix, molding yog cov dej ntws, cov khoom siv yog cov mos fiber ntau los yog ntaub, yog li ntawd, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv no los tsim cov khoom sib xyaw, cov txheej txheem thiab cov cuab yeej siv tau yooj yim dua li lwm cov ntaub ntawv, rau qee cov khoom lag luam tsuas yog txheej pwm tuaj yeem tsim tau.
Ua ntej, hu rau cov txheej txheem qis molding
Cov txheej txheem kev sib cuag tsis tshua muaj siab molding yog tus cwj pwm los ntawm phau ntawv tso ntawm qhov cuab lub zog, resin leaching, los yog cov cuab yeej yooj yim-pab qhov chaw ntawm qhov cuab lub zog thiab resin. Lwm tus yam ntxwv ntawm cov txheej txheem molding uas tsis tshua muaj siab yog tias cov txheej txheem molding tsis tas yuav tsum siv molding siab (hu rau molding), los yog tsuas yog siv cov molding siab (0.01 ~ 0.7mpa siab tom qab hu rau molding, qhov siab tshaj plaws tsis tshaj 2.0). mpa).
Hu rau cov txheej txheem molding uas tsis tshua muaj siab, yog thawj cov khoom siv hauv cov txiv neej pwm, txiv neej pwm lossis pwm tsim cov duab, thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm cov cua sov lossis chav kub curing, demoulding thiab tom qab ntawd los ntawm kev pabcuam thiab cov khoom. Raws li cov txheej txheem molding no yog txhais tes muab tshuaj molding, dav hlau molding, hnab nias molding, resin hloov molding, autoclave molding thiab thermal expansion molding (tsis tshua muaj siab molding). Thawj ob yog kev sib cuag.
Nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lub siab tsis tshua muaj molding txheej txheem, tes paste molding txheej txheem yog thawj invention nyob rau hauv zus tau tej cov polymer matrix composite khoom, feem ntau siv ntau yam, lwm txoj kev yog txoj kev loj hlob thiab kev txhim kho ntawm tes paste molding txheej txheem. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ntawm kev sib cuag cov txheej txheem yog cov cuab yeej siv yooj yim, kev hloov pauv dav, kev nqis peev tsawg thiab cov txiaj ntsig ceev. Raws li kev txheeb cais nyob rau xyoo tas los no, hu rau cov txheej txheem molding uas tsis tshua muaj siab nyob rau hauv lub ntiaj teb cov khoom sib xyaw ua lag luam, tseem muaj feem ntau, xws li Tebchaws Meskas suav txog 35%, Western Europe suav txog 25%, Nyiv suav txog 42%, Tuam Tshoj suav txog 75%. Qhov no qhia tau hais tias qhov tseem ceeb thiab irreplaceable ntawm kev sib cuag tsis tshua muaj siab molding tshuab nyob rau hauv cov khoom siv kev lag luam ntau lawm, nws yog ib tug txheej txheem txheej txheem uas yuav tsis poob. Tab sis nws qhov tsis txaus loj tshaj plaws yog qhov ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv tsawg, kev siv zog ua haujlwm loj, cov khoom rov ua dua tsis zoo thiab lwm yam.
1. Cov khoom siv raw
Tiv tauj tsis tshua muaj siab molding ntawm raw cov ntaub ntawv yog cov khoom siv ntxiv, cov resins thiab cov khoom siv pabcuam.
(1) Cov khoom siv kho kom zoo
Tiv tauj rau kev tsim cov khoom siv kho kom zoo: (1) cov ntaub ntawv kho kom zoo yog yooj yim rau impregnated los ntawm resin; (2) Nws muaj qhov sib txawv txaus kom ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm molding cov duab ntawm cov khoom; (3) npuas yooj yim txiav; (4) tuaj yeem ua tau raws li lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg kev ua tau zoo ntawm kev siv cov khoom siv; ⑤ Tus nqi tsim nyog (raws li pheej yig li ua tau), ntau qhov chaw.
Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb rau kev sib cuag muaj xws li iav fiber ntau thiab nws cov ntaub, carbon fiber thiab nws cov ntaub, Arlene fiber thiab nws cov ntaub, thiab lwm yam.
(2) Matrix cov ntaub ntawv
Hu rau cov txheej txheem molding uas tsis tshua muaj siab rau cov khoom siv matrix: (1) nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm tes muab tshuaj txhuam, yooj yim rau soak cov khoom siv fiber ntau, yooj yim kom tshem tawm npuas, muaj zog adhesion nrog cov fiber ntau; (2) Nyob rau hauv chav tsev kub muaj peev xwm gel, solidify, thiab yuav tsum tau shrinkage, tsawg volatiles; (3) Tsim nyog viscosity: feem ntau 0.2 ~ 0.5Pa·s, tsis tuaj yeem tsim kua nplaum ntws tshwm sim; (4) tsis muaj tshuaj lom lossis tsis muaj tshuaj lom; Tus nqi yog tsim nyog thiab qhov chaw yog guaranteed.
Feem ntau siv resins hauv kev tsim khoom yog: unsaturated polyester resin, epoxy resin, phenolic resin, bismaleimide resin, polyimide resin thiab lwm yam.
Kev ua tau zoo yuav tsum tau ua ntawm ntau txoj kev sib cuag rau cov resin:
Moulding txoj kev xav tau rau resin zog
Gel ntau lawm
1, molding tsis ntws, yooj yim rau defoaming
2, lub suab tsis sib xws, tsis muaj xim ntab
3, ceev curing, tsis muaj wrinkles, zoo adhesion nrog txheej ntawm resin
Tes lay-up molding
1, zoo impregnation, yooj yim rau soak lub fiber, yooj yim los tshem tawm npuas
2, kis tau tom qab kho sai, tsawg tshav kub tso, shrinkage
3, volatile tsawg, nto ntawm cov khoom tsis nplaum
4. Zoo adhesion ntawm txheej
Txhaj tshuaj molding
1. Xyuas kom meej qhov yuav tsum tau ntawm tes muab tshuaj txhuam txoj kev
2. Thixotropic rov qab ua ntej
3, kub tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau resin viscosity
4. Cov resin yuav tsum haum rau lub sij hawm ntev, thiab lub viscosity yuav tsum tsis txhob nce tom qab ntxiv cov accelerator.
Hnab molding
1, zoo wettability, yooj yim rau soak lub fiber, yooj yim rau paug npuas
2, curing ceev, kho cua sov kom me me
3, tsis yooj yim rau ntws kua nplaum, muaj zog adhesion ntawm txheej
(3) Cov khoom siv pabcuam
Sib cuag txheej txheem ntawm cov ntaub ntawv pab, feem ntau yog hais txog cov muab tub lim thiab xim ob pawg, thiab curing agent, diluent, toughening agent, teej tug mus rau lub resin matrix system.
2, pwm thiab tso tawm tus neeg sawv cev
(1) Pwm
Pwm yog cov cuab yeej tseem ceeb hauv txhua yam kev sib cuag. Qhov zoo ntawm pwm ncaj qha cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo thiab tus nqi ntawm cov khoom, yog li nws yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo tsim thiab tsim.
Thaum tsim cov pwm, cov kev cai hauv qab no yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab ua tiav: (1) Ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov khoom tsim, pwm loj yog qhov tseeb thiab qhov chaw yog du; (2) kom muaj zog txaus thiab nruj; (3) yooj yim demoulding; (4) muaj thermal stability txaus; Lub teeb yuag, cov khoom siv txaus thiab tus nqi qis.
Pwm qauv hu rau molding pwm yog muab faib ua: txiv neej pwm, txiv neej pwm thiab peb hom pwm, tsis hais hom pwm twg, tuaj yeem ua raws li qhov loj me, molding yuav tsum, tsim tag nrho lossis sib dhos pwm.
Thaum cov khoom siv pwm tsim, cov hauv qab no yuav tsum tau ua raws li:
① tuaj yeem ua tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm qhov raug, qhov zoo thiab kev pabcuam lub neej ntawm cov khoom;
(2) Cov khoom siv pwm yuav tsum muaj lub zog txaus thiab nruj kom ntseeg tau tias cov pwm tsis yooj yim rau deformed thiab puas thaum siv;
(3) nws tsis yog corroded los ntawm resin thiab tsis cuam tshuam resin curing;
(4) Kev ua haujlwm kub zoo, cov khoom kho thiab kho cua sov, cov pwm tsis deformed;
(5) Yooj yim los tsim, yooj yim rau demoulding;
(6) hnub kom txo pwm qhov hnyav, yooj yim ntau lawm;
⑦ Tus nqi pheej yig thiab cov khoom siv tau yooj yim. Cov ntaub ntawv uas tuaj yeem siv los ua tes muab tshuaj pwm yog: ntoo, hlau, gypsum, cement, melting point hlau, rigid foamed plastics thiab iav fiber reinforced plastics.
Kev tso tawm tus neeg saib xyuas cov cai yooj yim:
1. Tsis corrode pwm, tsis cuam tshuam rau resin curing, resin adhesion tsawg dua 0.01mpa;
(2) Lub sijhawm ua zaj duab xis luv, tuab tuab, du nto;
Kev siv kev nyab xeeb, tsis muaj tshuaj lom;
(4) kub tsis kam, tuaj yeem ua kom sov los ntawm qhov kub ntawm kev kho;
⑤ Nws yooj yim rau kev khiav lag luam thiab pheej yig.
Kev tso tawm tus neeg sawv cev ntawm cov txheej txheem kev sib cuag feem ntau suav nrog tus neeg tso tawm zaj duab xis, tus neeg sawv cev tso kua thiab tshuaj pleev, tus neeg sawv cev tso quav ciab.
Tes paste txheej txheem
Cov txheej txheem ntws ntawm tes paste txoj kev yog raws li nram no:
(1) Kev npaj ntau lawm
Qhov luaj li cas ntawm qhov chaw ua hauj lwm rau tes pasting yuav tsum tau txiav txim raws li qhov loj ntawm cov khoom thiab cov zis txhua hnub. Qhov chaw yuav tsum huv si, qhuav thiab ua pa zoo, thiab huab cua kub yuav tsum nyob nruab nrab ntawm 15 txog 35 degrees Celsius. Cov txheej txheem tom qab kev kho dua tshiab yuav tsum tau nruab nrog kev tshem tawm cov plua plav tawm thiab cov twj tso dej.
Kev npaj pwm suav nrog kev tu, sib dhos thiab tso tawm tus neeg sawv cev.
Thaum npaj cov kua nplaum resin, peb yuav tsum xyuam xim rau ob qho teeb meem: (1) tiv thaiv cov kua nplaum los ntawm kev sib xyaw npuas; (2) Cov kua nplaum yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau dhau, thiab txhua tus nqi yuav tsum tau siv ua ntej cov gel resin.
Cov ntaub ntawv txhawb zog Cov hom thiab cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv txhawb nqa yuav tsum raug xaiv raws li cov qauv tsim.
(2) Kev kho thiab kho
Txheej-paste phau ntawv txheej-paste yog muab faib ua txoj kev ntub dej thiab qhuav txoj kev ob: (1) qhuav txheej-prepreg daim ntaub raws li raw cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv pre-kawm (daim ntaub) raws li cov qauv txiav rau hauv cov khoom phem, txheej softening cua sov , thiab tom qab ntawd txheej los ntawm txheej ntawm cov pwm, thiab xyuam xim kom tshem tawm npuas ntawm txheej, kom ntom. Txoj kev no yog siv rau autoclave thiab hnab molding. (2) Cov txheej ntub dej ncaj qha rau hauv pwm yuav ntxiv dag zog rau cov khoom poob, txheej los ntawm txheej ze rau cov pwm, txiav tawm npuas, ua kom tuab. Cov txheej txheem ntawm tes muab tshuaj txhuam nrog cov txheej txheem ntawm txheej txheej no. Cov txheej ntub dej yog muab faib ua gelcoat txheej muab tshuaj txhuam thiab cov qauv txheej muab tshuaj txhuam.
Tes pasting tool Tes pasting cuab yeej muaj kev cuam tshuam zoo rau kev ua kom cov khoom zoo. Muaj wool roller, bristle roller, kauv cov menyuam thiab hluav taws xob pom, hluav taws xob laum, tshuab polishing thiab lwm yam.
Solidify cov khoom solidify cent sclerosis thiab ripe ob theem: los ntawm gel mus rau trigonal hloov xav tau 24h feem ntau, tam sim no solidify degree npaum li cas mus rau 50% ~ 70% (ba Ke hardness degree yog 15), tuaj yeem demolom, tom qab tshem tawm solidify hauv qab ntuj puag ncig. 1 ~ 2 lub lis piam muaj peev xwm ua rau cov khoom muaj zog, hais tias ripe, nws solidify degree npaum li cas rau 85% saum toj no. Cua sov tuaj yeem txhawb txoj kev kho. Rau polyester iav steel, cua sov ntawm 80 ℃ rau 3h, rau epoxy iav steel, tom qab kho kub tuaj yeem tswj tau li ntawm 150 ℃. Muaj ntau txoj kev siv cua sov thiab kho, cov khoom nruab nrab thiab cov khoom me me tuaj yeem ua kom sov thiab kho tau hauv qhov cub tua hluav taws, cov khoom loj tuaj yeem ua kom sov lossis cua sov infrared.
(3)Demoulding thiab hnav khaub ncaws
Demoulding demoulding kom paub meej tias cov khoom tsis puas. Demoulding txoj kev yog raws li nram no: (1) Lub ejection demoulding ntaus ntawv yog embedded nyob rau hauv pwm, thiab cov ntsia hlau yog tig thaum demoulding rau ejection cov khoom. Lub siab demoulding pwm muaj compressed cua los yog dej inlet, demoulding yuav compressed cua los yog dej (0.2mpa) ntawm cov pwm thiab cov khoom, tib lub sij hawm nrog ntoo rauj thiab roj hmab rauj, kom cov khoom thiab pwm sib cais. (3) Demoulding ntawm cov khoom loj (xws li nkoj) nrog kev pab ntawm jacks, cranes thiab hardwood wedges thiab lwm yam cuab yeej. (4) Cov khoom lag luam tsis yooj yim tuaj yeem siv phau ntawv demoulding txoj kev los muab ob lossis peb txheej ntawm FRP rau ntawm pwm, kho tom qab tev tawm ntawm pwm, thiab tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv pwm txuas ntxiv mus rau qhov tsim thickness, nws yog ib qho yooj yim rau kev tshem tawm cov pwm. tshem tawm ntawm pwm tom qab kho.
Kev hnav khaub ncaws hnav tau muab faib ua ob hom: ib qho yog hnav khaub ncaws loj, lwm yam kho qhov tsis xws luag. (1) Tom qab shaping qhov loj ntawm cov khoom, raws li tus tsim loj los txiav tawm qhov ntau dhau; (2) Kev kho qhov tsis zoo suav nrog kev kho perforation, npuas, kho qhov tawg, qhov cuab lub zog, thiab lwm yam.
Dav hlau txoj kev tsim
Jet forming technology yog ib qho kev txhim kho ntawm tes muab tshuaj txhuam, semi-mechanized degree. Jet forming thev naus laus zis suav nrog kev faib ua feem ntau hauv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom, xws li 9.1% hauv Tebchaws Meskas, 11.3% hauv Western Europe, thiab 21% hauv Nyiv. Tam sim no, cov tshuab txhaj tshuaj molding hauv tsev feem ntau yog los ntawm Tebchaws Meskas.
(1) Lub dav hlau tsim cov txheej txheem thiab qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo
Cov txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj molding yog tov nrog cov pib thiab txhawb nqa ntawm ob hom polyester, raws li los ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag tsuag tawm ntawm ob sab, thiab yuav txiav tawm cov fiberglass roving, los ntawm qhov chaw taws teeb, sib tov nrog cov resin, tso rau pwm, thaum tso nyiaj. mus rau ib qho thickness, nrog rau cov menyuam compaction, ua rau cov fiber ntau saturated resin, tshem tawm cov npuas npuas, kho rau hauv cov khoom.
Qhov zoo ntawm lub dav hlau molding: (1) siv cov iav fiber ntau rov qab siv cov ntaub, tuaj yeem txo cov nqi ntawm cov ntaub ntawv; (2) Kev ua tau zoo ntau lawm yog 2-4 zaug siab dua li kev muab tshuaj txhuam; (3) Cov khoom muaj kev ncaj ncees zoo, tsis muaj pob qij txha, siab interlayer shear zog, siab resin cov ntsiab lus, zoo corrosion kuj thiab to; (4) nws tuaj yeem txo qhov noj ntawm flapping, txiav daim ntaub scraps thiab cov kua nplaum ntxiv; Cov khoom loj thiab cov duab tsis txwv. Qhov tsis zoo yog: (1) cov ntsiab lus siab resin, cov khoom tsis muaj zog; (2) cov khoom tsuas tuaj yeem ua ib sab du; ③ Nws ua phem rau ib puag ncig thiab tsim kev puas tsuaj rau cov neeg ua haujlwm noj qab haus huv.
Dav hlau sib sau ua haujlwm txog li 15kg / min, yog li tsim nyog rau kev tsim khoom loj. Nws tau dav siv los ua cov txheej txheem da dej, tshuab npog, ib qho chaw tso quav, cov khoom siv hauv lub cev thiab cov khoom siv loj.
(2) Kev npaj ntau lawm
Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua ntawm cov txheej txheem muab tshuaj txhuam tes, kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb yuav tsum tau them rau ib puag ncig cov pa tawm. Raws li qhov loj ntawm cov khoom, chav ua haujlwm tuaj yeem raug kaw kom txuag tau lub zog.
Cov ntaub ntawv npaj raw cov ntaub ntawv yog cov resin (tsuas yog unsaturated polyester resin) thiab untwisted iav fiber roving.
Kev npaj pwm suav nrog kev tu, sib dhos thiab tso tawm tus neeg sawv cev.
Cov cuab yeej txhaj tshuaj molding tshuab tau muab faib ua ob hom: hom twj tso kua mis thiab lub twj tso kua mis hom: (1) Pump hom txhaj tshuaj molding tshuab, yog cov resin pib thiab accelerator raws li pumped mus rau qhov zoo li qub tov khoom, tag nrho tov thiab ces ejected los ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag. phom, hu ua phom sib xyaw. Nws cov khoom yog pneumatic tswj system, cob twj tso kua mis, pab twj tso kua mis, tov khoom, tshuaj tsuag rab phom, fiber txiav injector, thiab lwm yam. Resin twj tso kua mis thiab pab twj tso kua mis yog rigidly txuas nrog rocker caj npab. Kho qhov chaw ntawm lub twj tso kua mis rau ntawm lub caj npab rocker kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev faib ua feem ntawm cov khoom xyaw. Nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm huab cua compressor, resin thiab auxiliary agent yog sib npaug zos rau hauv lub tov khoom thiab tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag phom tee, uas yog tsis tu ncua txau rau saum npoo ntawm cov pwm nrog txiav fiber ntau. Lub tshuab dav hlau no tsuas yog muaj cov phom phom nplaum, cov qauv yooj yim, lub teeb yuag, tsis tshua muaj kev pib khib nyiab, tab sis vim yog kev sib xyaw hauv lub cev, nws yuav tsum tau ntxuav tam sim ntawd tom qab ua tiav, txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev txhaj tshuaj thaiv. (2) Lub siab tank hom kua nplaum lub tshuab dav hlau yog los nruab cov kua nplaum rau hauv lub tank siab, thiab ua kom cov kua nplaum rau hauv rab phom txau kom tsis tu ncua los ntawm cov pa roj rau hauv lub tank. Nws muaj ob lub tso tsheb hlau luam, yeeb nkab, valve, rab phom txau, fiber ntau txiav injector, trolley thiab bracket. Thaum ua haujlwm, txuas cov cua compressed, ua kom cov cua compressed dhau los ntawm huab cua-dej cais mus rau hauv lub tank cob, iav fiber ntau cutter thiab tshuaj tsuag phom, kom cov resin thiab iav fiber ntau txuas ntxiv ejected los ntawm rab phom txau, resin atomization, iav fiber ntau dispersion, sib tov tusyees thiab ces tog rau pwm. Lub dav hlau no yog resin tov sab nraum rab phom, yog li nws tsis yooj yim rau ntsaws lub nozzle ntawm rab phom.
(3) Txhaj tshuaj molding txheej txheem tswj
Cov txheej txheem txhaj tshuaj tsis xaiv: ① Resin cov ntsiab lus tshuaj tsuag molding cov khoom, cov ntsiab lus tswj ntawm li 60%. Thaum cov resin viscosity yog 0.2Pa·s, resin tank siab yog 0.05-0.15mpa, thiab lub atomization siab yog 0.3-0.55mpa, lub uniformity ntawm lub Cheebtsam yuav guaranteed. (3) Qhov sib nrug deb ntawm cov resin txau los ntawm lub kaum sab xis ntawm rab phom sib txawv. Feem ntau, lub kaum sab xis ntawm 20 ° raug xaiv, thiab qhov kev ncua deb ntawm rab phom thiab pwm yog 350 ~ 400mm. Txhawm rau hloov qhov kev ncua deb, lub kaum sab xis ntawm rab phom txau yuav tsum muaj kev kub ceev kom ntseeg tau tias txhua qhov sib xyaw ua ke nyob rau hauv kev sib tshuam ze ntawm cov pwm los tiv thaiv cov kua nplaum los ntawm ya mus.
Kev txhaj tshuaj molding yuav tsum raug sau tseg: (1) ambient kub yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm (25 ± 5) ℃, siab dhau, yooj yim ua rau txhaws ntawm rab phom tsuag; Tsawg dhau, sib tov tsis sib xws, qeeb kho; (2) Tsis pub dej tso rau hauv lub dav hlau, txwv tsis pub cov khoom zoo yuav raug cuam tshuam; (3) Ua ntej tsim, tshuaj tsuag txheej txheej ntawm cov pwm, thiab tom qab ntawd txau cov txheej txheej fiber ntau sib xyaw; (4) Ua ntej txhaj tshuaj molding, ua ntej kho cov cua siab, tswj cov resin thiab iav fiber ntau cov ntsiab lus; (5) Cov phom txau yuav tsum txav mus kom sib npaug kom tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob yaig thiab tshuaj tsuag. Nws tsis tuaj yeem mus rau hauv ib qho arc. Qhov sib tshooj ntawm ob kab yog tsawg dua 1/3, thiab cov kev pab them nqi thiab thickness yuav tsum zoo ib yam. Tom qab txau ib txheej, tam sim ntawd siv cov menyuam compaction, yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau cov npoo thiab concave thiab convex nto, xyuas kom meej tias txhua txheej yog nias tiaj, pa npuas npuas, tiv thaiv nrog fiber ntau burrs; Tom qab txhua txheej ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag, mus xyuas, tsim nyog tom qab txheej tom ntej ntawm cov tshuaj tsuag; ⑧ Cov txheej txheej kawg los tshuaj tsuag qee yam, ua kom lub ntsej muag du; ⑨ Ntxuav lub dav hlau sai sai tom qab siv los tiv thaiv resin solidification thiab puas rau cov khoom siv.
Resin hloov molding
Resin Hloov Molding abbreviated li RTM. RTM pib nyob rau xyoo 1950, yog qhov kaw tuag tsim tshuab ntawm tes muab tshuaj molding txheej txheem kev txhim kho, tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom lag luam ob sab. Nyob rau hauv txawv teb chaws, Resin Txhaj Tshuaj thiab Kab Mob Siab kuj muaj nyob rau hauv pawg no.
Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm RTM yog tso cov iav fiber ntau cov khoom siv hauv cov pwm kab noj hniav ntawm cov pwm kaw. Cov resin gel yog txhaj rau hauv pwm kab noj hniav los ntawm lub siab, thiab cov iav fiber reinforced khoom yog tsau, ces kho, thiab cov khoom molded yog demoulded.
Los ntawm qib kev tshawb fawb yav dhau los, kev tshawb fawb thiab kev loj hlob ntawm RTM thev naus laus zis yuav suav nrog microcomputer tswj kev txhaj tshuaj, txhim kho cov khoom siv preforming technology, pwm tsis tshua muaj nqi, ceev resin curing system, txheej txheem stability thiab adaptability, thiab lwm yam.
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm RTM txoj kev siv tshuab: (1) tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom siv ob sab; (2) High forming efficiency, haum rau nruab nrab scale FRP khoom ntau lawm (tsawg tshaj 20000 daim / xyoo); ③RTM yog kev ua haujlwm pwm kaw, uas tsis ua paug ib puag ncig thiab tsis ua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm noj qab haus huv; (4) cov khoom siv txhawb nqa tuaj yeem muab tso rau hauv txhua qhov kev taw qhia, yooj yim kom paub cov khoom siv ntxiv raws li qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov qauv khoom; (5) tsawg raw khoom thiab siv zog; ⑥ Tsawg peev hauv kev tsim lub Hoobkas, ceev ceev.
RTM thev naus laus zis tau siv dav hauv kev tsim kho, kev thauj mus los, kev sib txuas lus, kev noj qab haus huv, aerospace thiab lwm yam kev lag luam. Cov khoom uas peb tau tsim yog: tsheb vaj tse thiab qhov chaw, cov khoom siv tsheb ua si, kauv pulp, 8.5m ntev cua turbine hniav, radome, tshuab npog, tub, chav da dej, da dej da dej board, rooj zaum, dej tank, xov tooj lub rooj muag zaub, telegraph ncej , me yacht, thiab lwm yam.
(1) RTM txheej txheem thiab khoom siv
Tag nrho cov txheej txheem ntawm RTM tau muab faib ua 11 txheej txheem. Cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov cuab yeej thiab cov cuab yeej siv ntawm txhua qhov txheej txheem raug kho. Cov pwm yog thauj los ntawm lub tsheb thiab dhau los ntawm txhua tus txheej txheem nyob rau hauv lem kom paub txog cov khiav khiav. Lub voj voog lub sij hawm ntawm cov pwm ntawm cov kab sib dhos yog qhia txog lub voj voog ntawm cov khoom. Cov khoom me me feem ntau siv sijhawm kaum feeb xwb, thiab lub voj voog ntawm cov khoom loj tuaj yeem tswj tau hauv 1h.
Moulding cov cuab yeej RTM molding cov cuab yeej yog cov tshuaj txhaj tshuaj thiab pwm.
Resin txhaj tshuab yog tsim los ntawm cov twj tso kua mis thiab cov phom txhaj tshuaj. Resin twj tso kua mis yog ib txheej ntawm piston reciprocating twj, sab saum toj yog lub twj tso kua mis aerodynamic. Thaum cov cua compressed tsav lub piston ntawm lub twj tso kua mis kom txav mus los, lub twj tso kua mis resin twj tso kua mis rau hauv lub reservoir resin ntau npaum li cas los ntawm tus tswj ntws thiab lim. Lub lateral lever ua rau lub twj tso kua mis catalyst txav thiab quantitatively twj cov catalyst rau lub reservoir. Compressed cua yog ntim rau hauv ob lub reservoir los tsim ib tug tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv lub twj tso kua mis siab, kom ib tug tsis tu ncua ntws ntawm resin thiab catalyst rau lub taub hau txhaj tshuaj. Cov phom txhaj tshuaj tom qab muaj kev kub ntxhov hauv qhov sib tov zoo li qub, thiab tuaj yeem ua rau cov resin thiab catalyst nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsis muaj roj sib tov, txhaj pwm, thiab tom qab ntawd cov phom sib tov muaj cov tshuaj ntxuav tes tsim, nrog rau 0.28 MPa siab hnyav tank, thaum lub tshuab tom qab siv, tig rau ntawm qhov hloov, tsis siv neeg hnyav, rab phom txhaj tshuaj kom huv si.
② Pwm RTM pwm muab faib ua iav steel pwm, iav steel nto plated hlau pwm thiab hlau pwm. Fiberglass pwm yog yooj yim los tsim thiab pheej yig dua, polyester fiberglass pwm tuaj yeem siv 2,000 zaug, epoxy fiberglass pwm tuaj yeem siv 4,000 zaug. Cov iav fiber reinforced yas pwm nrog kub-plated nto yuav siv tau ntau tshaj 10000 zaug. Cov pwm hlau tsis tshua muaj siv hauv cov txheej txheem RTM. Feem ntau hais lus, tus nqi pwm ntawm RTM tsuas yog 2% rau 16% ntawm SMC.
(2) RTM raw khoom
RTM siv raw cov ntaub ntawv xws li resin system, cov khoom siv ntxiv thiab muab tub lim.
Resin system LUB lub ntsiab cob siv hauv RTM txheej txheem yog unsaturated polyester cob.
Cov ntaub ntawv txhawb nqa General RTM cov khoom siv yog cov iav fiber ntau, nws cov ntsiab lus yog 25% ~ 45% (qhov hnyav piv); Feem ntau siv cov khoom siv ntxiv yog iav fiber ntau txuas ntxiv, muaj kev xav thiab checkerboard.
Fillers tseem ceeb rau cov txheej txheem RTM vim tias lawv tsis tsuas yog txo tus nqi thiab txhim kho kev ua haujlwm, tab sis kuj nqus cua sov thaum lub sij hawm exothermic ntawm resin curing. Feem ntau siv cov fillers yog aluminium hydroxide, iav hlaws, calcium carbonate, mica thiab lwm yam. Nws cov koob tshuaj yog 20% ~ 40%.
Lub hnab siab txoj kev, autoclave txoj kev, hydraulic kettle txoj kev thiabthermal expansion molding txoj kev
Lub hnab siab txoj kev, autoclave txoj kev, hydraulic kettle txoj kev thiab thermal expansion molding txoj kev hu ua tsis tshua muaj siab molding txheej txheem. Nws cov txheej txheem molding yog siv phau ntawv qhia txoj kev paving, cov khoom siv ntxiv thiab cov khoom siv (nrog rau cov khoom siv prepreg) raws li cov qauv kev taw qhia thiab kev txiav txim txheej txheej ntawm cov pwm, tom qab ncav cuag lub thickness, los ntawm lub siab, cua sov, curing, demoulding, hnav khaub ncaws thiab tau txais cov khoom. Qhov sib txawv ntawm plaub txoj kev thiab tes muab tshuaj txhuam txoj kev tsuas yog nyob rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntawm kev kho siab. Yog li ntawd, lawv tsuas yog kev txhim kho ntawm tes muab tshuaj ua cov txheej txheem, txhawm rau txhim kho qhov ntom ntawm cov khoom thiab interlayer bonding zog.
Nrog lub zog muaj zog iav fiber ntau, carbon fiber, boron fiber, aramong fiber ntau thiab epoxy resin li raw cov ntaub ntawv, kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua los ntawm cov txheej txheem tsis tshua muaj siab molding tau siv dav hauv aircraft, missiles, satellites thiab chaw shuttle. Xws li dav hlau qhov rooj, fairing, airborne radome, bracket, tis, Tail, bulkhead, phab ntsa thiab stealth aircraft.
(1) Lub hnab siab txoj kev
Lub hnab nias molding yog txhais tes muab tshuaj molding ntawm cov khoom tsis muaj zog, los ntawm cov hnab roj hmab lossis lwm cov ntaub ntawv elastic los siv roj lossis kua siab, kom cov khoom nyob rau hauv siab ntom ntom, solidified.
Qhov zoo ntawm lub hnab tsim txoj kev yog: (1) du ntawm ob sab ntawm cov khoom; ② Hloov mus rau polyester, epoxy thiab phenolic resin; Cov khoom hnyav yog siab tshaj qhov muab tshuaj txhuam.
Lub hnab siab molding rau hauv lub hnab siab txoj kev thiab lub hnab nqus tsev txoj kev 2: (1) lub hnab siab txoj kev lub hnab ntim txoj kev yog lub tes muab tshuaj molding tsis solidified cov khoom rau hauv lub hnab roj hmab, tsau lub npog phaj, thiab ces los ntawm compressed cua los yog chav (0.25 ~ 0.5mpa), kom cov khoom nyob rau hauv kub pressing tej yam kev mob solidified. (2) Lub hnab nqus tsev txoj kev no yog siv tes muab tshuaj txhuam zoo li cov khoom tsis sib xws, nrog rau txheej ntawm cov roj hmab zaj duab xis, cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov roj hmab zaj duab xis thiab cov pwm, kaw lub periphery, lub tshuab nqus tsev (0.05 ~ 0.07mpa), kom cov npuas thiab volatils hauv cov khoom raug cais tawm. Vim lub tshuab nqus tsev me me, lub tshuab nqus tsev tsim txoj kev tsuas yog siv rau kev ntub dej ntawm polyester thiab epoxy composite khoom.
(2) kub siab boiler thiab hydraulic kettle txoj kev
Kub autoclaved kettle thiab hydraulic kettle txoj kev yog nyob rau hauv lub thawv hlau, los ntawm compressed gas los yog kua nyob rau hauv lub unsolidified tes muab tshuaj txhuam cov khoom cua sov, siab, ua kom nws solidified molding txheej txheem.
Autoclave txoj kev autoclave yog kab rov tav hlau siab hlab ntsha, cov khoom siv tsis muaj tes muab tshuaj, ntxiv rau cov hnab yas kaw, lub tshuab nqus tsev, thiab tom qab ntawd nrog cov pwm nrog lub tsheb los txhawb lub autoclave, los ntawm chav (siab yog 1.5 ~ 2.5mpa), thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev, pressurized cov khoom, cua sov, npuas paug, kom nws solidifies nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob ntawm kub siab. Nws muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm txoj kev siv lub hnab siab thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev, nrog lub voj voog luv luv thiab cov khoom zoo. Cov txheej txheem kub autoclave tuaj yeem tsim qhov loj me, cov duab zoo ntawm cov khoom zoo, cov khoom sib xyaw ua haujlwm siab. Qhov loj ntawm cov khoom yog txwv los ntawm autoclave. Tam sim no, qhov loj tshaj plaws autoclave nyob rau hauv Suav teb muaj txoj kab uas hla ntawm 2.5m thiab ntev ntawm 18m. Cov khoom uas tau tsim thiab siv muaj xws li tis, tus Tsov tus tw, satellite kav hlau txais xov reflector, missile reentry lub cev thiab airborne sandwich qauv radome. Qhov loj tshaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm txoj kev no yog cov cuab yeej siv peev, qhov hnyav, cov qauv nyuaj, tus nqi siab.
Cov cuab yeej siv hluav taws xob hydraulic hau yog lub vessel kaw dua li cov khoom nqus kub, ntawm cov khoom sib tw ua kom sov, nias, kom nws muaj kev sib tw. Lub siab ntawm hydraulic kettle tuaj yeem ncav cuag 2MPa lossis siab dua, thiab qhov kub ntawm 80 ~ 100 ℃. Roj cab kuj, kub txog 200 ℃. Cov khoom tsim los ntawm txoj kev no yog tuab, lub voj voog luv luv, qhov tsis zoo ntawm hydraulic kettle txoj kev yog loj peev hauv cov khoom siv.
(3) thermal expansion molding txoj kev
Thermal expansion molding yog txheej txheem siv los tsim cov hollow nyias phab ntsa ua haujlwm siab cov khoom sib xyaw. Nws txoj hauv kev ua haujlwm yog siv qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom siv pwm, kev siv nws cov rhuab ntim expansion ntawm qhov sib txawv extrusion siab, kev tsim kho ntawm cov khoom siab. Cov txiv neej pwm ntawm thermal expansion molding txoj kev yog silicon roj hmab nrog loj expansion coefficient, thiab cov poj niam pwm yog hlau khoom nrog me me expansion coefficient. Cov khoom tsis sib haum yog muab tso rau ntawm tus txiv neej pwm thiab poj niam pwm los ntawm tes. Vim qhov sib txawv expansion coefficient ntawm qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo pwm, muaj qhov sib txawv loj deformation, uas ua rau cov khoom ruaj khov nyob rau hauv kub siab.
Post lub sij hawm: 29-06-22